Levels of adipokines in serum of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and umbilical cord blood of their neonates and related factors

Zhai Xiao; Zhou Jing; Deng Mingqun; Zhou Liyuan; Ding Lu; Xiao Cheng; Liu Juntao; Song Yingna; Ma Liangkun; Yu Miao; Zhang Qian; Liu Jieying; Xiao Xinhua

doi:10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003996

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Levels of adipokines in serum of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and umbilical cord blood of their neonates and related factors

Endocrine regulation and metabolic diseases—early prevention and treatment of diabetes | 更新时间：2026-02-13

- Levels of adipokines in serum of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and umbilical cord blood of their neonates and related factors
- Journal of Chongqing Medical University Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 34-39(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国医学科学院/北京协和医学院/北京协和医院内分泌科/国家卫生健康委员会内分泌重点实验室/中国医学科学院糖尿病;研究中心，北京 100730
  2.中国医学科学院/北京协和医学院/北京协和医院妇产科，北京 100730
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003996
  CLC： R587
- Received：30 July 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-10-25，
  
  Published：28 January 2026
- 稿件说明：
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翟笑，周晶，邓明群，等.妊娠期糖尿病患者血清及其新生儿脐血中脂肪因子水平与相关因素分析[J].重庆医科大学学报，2026，51（1）：34-39.

Zhai Xiao,Zhou Jing,Deng Mingqun,et al.Levels of adipokines in serum of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and umbilical cord blood of their neonates and related factors[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2026,51(1):34-39.
翟笑，周晶，邓明群，等.妊娠期糖尿病患者血清及其新生儿脐血中脂肪因子水平与相关因素分析[J].重庆医科大学学报，2026，51（1）：34-39. DOI： 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003996.

Zhai Xiao,Zhou Jing,Deng Mingqun,et al.Levels of adipokines in serum of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and umbilical cord blood of their neonates and related factors[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2026,51(1):34-39. DOI： 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003996.

摘要

目的

探讨妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus，GDM）患者糖脂代谢状态与母婴体内脂肪因子［成纤维细胞生长因子21（fibroblast growth factor 21，FGF21）、瘦素和脂联素］水平的关系，以及孕妇血清中的脂肪因子水平与新生儿体内脂肪因子水平的关系。

方法

纳入2017年9月至2018年9月在北京协和医院进行定期产检检查并最终分娩的孕妇，按照GDM诊断标准分为血糖正常组（n=39）和GDM组（

=44）。收集一般资料，并采集孕妇足月外周血清及其新生儿脐血血清标本。测定2组孕妇生化指标，以及母婴血清中脂肪因子水平。

结果

①GDM组孕妇血清中FGF21水平明显高于血糖正常组［386.24（256.13，577.26） vs. 239.71（148.10，378.48） pg/mL（

=0.005）］，GDM组新生儿脐带血中FGF21水平高于血糖正常组［74.78（63.78，106.11） vs. 52.74（49.66，65.16） pg/mL（

=0.160）］，但差异无统计学意义；GDM组孕妇血清中瘦素水平明显高于血糖正常组［462.19（268.06~883.48） vs. 292.55（143.97~595.95） pg/mL（

=0.044）］；脂联素在孕妇血清和脐带血中差异均无统计学意义（

0.05）。②新生儿脐血血清中FGF21水平与孕妇血清FGF21水平（

=0.350，

=0.043）、孕妇胆固醇（

=0.324，

=0.02）和孕妇脂蛋白α（

=0.377，

=0.007）呈正相关，与孕妇HOMA-IR（

=0.319，

=0.024）和瘦素水平（

=0.473，

=0.002）呈正相关。

结论

GDM患者血清FGF21和瘦素水平可能出现升高，并且可以明显影响新生儿脐血中FGF21水平，而新生儿脐血中FGF21水平与孕妇糖脂代谢异常相关。

Abstract

Objective

To investigate the association between the status of glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM） and the levels of adipokines（fibroblast growth factor 21［FGF21］，leptin，and adiponectin） in mothers and their neonates，as well as the correlation between the levels of adipokines in serum of mothers and the levels of adipokines in their neonates.

Methods

Pregnant women who underwent regular prenatal examinations and finally gave birth in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from September 2017 to September 2018 were enrolled，and according to the diagnostic criteria for GDM，they were divided into normal blood glucose group with 39 women and GDM group with 44 women. General data were collected，and peripheral serum samples were collected from the pregnant women giving birth to full-term neonates，while serum samples of umbilical cord blood were collected from their neonates. Biochemical parameters were measured for the pregnant women in each group，as well as the serum levels of adipokines in both the mothers and the neonates.

Results

Compared with the normal blood glucose group，the GDM group had a significantly higher serum level of FGF21［386.24（256.13-577.26） pg/mL vs. 239.71（148.10-378.48） pg/mL，

=0.005］ and a higher level of FGF21 in umbilical cord blood of neonates［74.78 （63.78-106.11） pg/mL vs. 52.74 （49.66-65.16） pg/mL，

=0.160］. Compared with the normal blood glucose group，the GDM group had a significantly higher serum level of leptin in the pregnant women［462.19 （268.06-883.48） pg/mL vs. 292.55（143.97-595.95） pg/mL，

=0.044］，and there was no significant difference in the level of adiponectin in the serum of the mothers and the umbilical cord blood of the neonates between the two groups（

0.05）. The serum level of FGF21 in neonatal umbilical cord blood was positively correlated with the serum level of FGF21 in pregnant women（

=0.350，

=0.043） and the levels of cholesterol（

=0.324，

=0.02），lipoprotein α（

=0.377，

=0.007），HOMA-IR（

=0.319，

=0.024），and leptin （

=0.473，

=0.002） in the mothers.

Conclusion

There might be increases in the serum levels of FGF21 and leptin in GDM patients，which may significantly affect the level of FGF21 in neonatal umbilical cord blood，and the level of FGF21 in neonatal umbilical cord blood is also associated with abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism in mothers.

关键词

Keywords

references

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Related Institution

Department of Endocrinology，Peking Union Medical College Hospital，Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

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