内分泌糖脂代谢与脑老化教育部重点实验室/山东第一医科大学附属省立医院内分泌代谢病科,济南 250021
Received:16 January 2025,
Revised:2025-03-18,
Accepted:20 April 2025,
Published:28 November 2025
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周象宁,于静静,高聆.线粒体在代谢性疾病性别差异中的机制研究[J].重庆医科大学学报,2025,50(11):1480-1486.
Zhou Xiangning,Yu Jingjing,Gao Ling.Mechanism of mitochondria in gender differences of metabolic diseases[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2025,50(11):1480-1486.
周象宁,于静静,高聆.线粒体在代谢性疾病性别差异中的机制研究[J].重庆医科大学学报,2025,50(11):1480-1486. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003879.
Zhou Xiangning,Yu Jingjing,Gao Ling.Mechanism of mitochondria in gender differences of metabolic diseases[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2025,50(11):1480-1486. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003879.
线粒体作为能量代谢和信号转导的双重枢纽,通过调控细胞内三磷酸腺苷(adenosine triphosphate,ATP)生成、代谢信号传递及组织间通讯网络维持机体代谢稳态,其功能紊乱是诱发代谢性疾病的重要危险因素之一。尽管已有研究揭示线粒体功能障碍与代谢性疾病的关联,但其具体作用机制仍有待阐明,尤其线粒体功能性别差异的机制尚未完全阐明。当前,神经退行性疾病、心血管疾病及糖代谢异常等代谢相关疾病的全球发病率持续攀升,且呈现明显的性别差异性特征。性激素通过调控线粒体氧化磷酸化效率、钙信号稳态及抗氧化应激能力,建立了两性间线粒体功能差异的分子基础。这种线粒体活性与功能的性别特异性分化,可能构成代谢性疾病性别差异的重要生物学基础。本文系统综述了线粒体生物学功能与代谢性疾病的病理关联,着重解析性激素-线粒体互作网络在代谢性疾病性别差异中的调控机制,为发展性别特异性防治策略提供理论依据。
As a dual hub of energy metabolism and signal transduction,mitochondria maintain metabolic homeostasis of the body by regulating intracellular ATP production,metabolic signal transduction,and inter-tissue communication network,and mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the important risk factors for metabolic diseases. Although previous studies have revealed the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic diseases,the specific mechanism of action remains unclear,especially the mechanism of gender differences in mitochondrial function. At present,the global incidence rates of metabolism-related diseases,such as neurodegenerative diseases,cardiovascular diseases,and abnormal glucose metabolism,continue to rise and show significant gender differences. Sex hormones establish the molecular basis for gender differences in mitochondrial function by regulating mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation efficiency,calcium signaling homeostasis,and antioxidant stress capacity. Such gender differences of mitochondrial activity and function may constitute an important biological basis for gender differences in metabolic diseases. This article systematically reviews the biological functions of mitochondria and their pathological associations with metabolic diseases,focusing on the regulatory mechanism of sex hormone-mitochondrial interaction network in gender differences in metabolic diseases,in order to provide a theoretical basis for developing gender-specific prevention and treatment strategies.
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