1.重庆医科大学第二附属医院心血管内科/重庆市心律失常重点实验室,重庆 401336
2.重庆医科大学附属第三医院代谢与心血管疾病研究中心,重庆 401120
Received:29 July 2024,
Revised:2024-10-19,
Accepted:23 October 2024,
Published:28 September 2025
移动端阅览
唐嘉,殷跃辉,陈芸霖,等.衣康酸通过抑制内皮细胞凋亡改善糖尿病小鼠血管内皮功能障碍[J].重庆医科大学学报,2025,50(9):1195-1201.
Tang Jia,Yin Yuehui,Chen Yunlin,et al.Itaconic acid improves vascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetic mice by inhibiting endothelial cell apoptosis[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2025,50(9):1195-1201.
唐嘉,殷跃辉,陈芸霖,等.衣康酸通过抑制内皮细胞凋亡改善糖尿病小鼠血管内皮功能障碍[J].重庆医科大学学报,2025,50(9):1195-1201. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003756.
Tang Jia,Yin Yuehui,Chen Yunlin,et al.Itaconic acid improves vascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetic mice by inhibiting endothelial cell apoptosis[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2025,50(9):1195-1201. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003756.
目的
2
内皮功能障碍是糖尿病血管并发症的关键和起始因素,本研究旨在探讨4-辛基衣康酸(4-octyl itaconate,4-OI)对糖尿病小鼠血管内皮功能的保护作用及机制研究。
方法
2
通过db/db小鼠和高糖(high glucose,HG)诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cells,HUVECs)分别建立糖尿病小鼠和细胞模型。经4-OI治疗后,采用苏木精-伊红(hematoxylin-eosin staining,HE)、Masson和网状纤维染色观察对照组、模型组和干预组小鼠胸主动脉的病理变化,并通过Western blot技术检测内皮纤维化标志物α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-smooth muscle actin,α-SMA)的表达;免疫荧光技术检测对照组、模型组和干预组小鼠胸主动脉Bcl-2关联X蛋白(recombinant Bcl-2 Associated X protein,BAX)和B淋巴细胞瘤-2基因蛋白(B-cell lymphoma-2 protein,Bcl-2)的表达;免疫印记检测4-OI干预对HG诱导的HUVECs中BAX、Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响以及细胞色素C(cytochrome c,CytC)/半胱氨酸蛋白酶(cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase,Caspase)通路相关蛋白表达的影响。
结果
2
4-OI可以明显改善db/db糖尿病小鼠血管内皮功能障碍。与模型组(BAX:1.89±0.12)/(Bcl-2:0.52±0.04)相比,干预组(BAX:1.41±0.14)/(Bcl-2:0.73±0.07)小鼠经4-OI治疗后可明显增加Bcl-2表达(
F
=49.380,
P
=0.009)和降低BAX表达(
F
=37.270,
P
=0.008)。在HG诱导HUVECs的细胞模型中,与高糖组(BAX:1.12±0.04)/(Bcl-2:0.81±0.09)/(CytC:1.01±0.03)/(Caspase-9:1.04±0.04)/(Caspase-3:1.74±0.04)相比,干预组(BAX:0.83±0.04)/(Bcl-2:1.22±0.04)/(CytC:0.61±0.03)/(Caspase-9:0.62±0.03)/(Caspase-3:0.92±0.06)经4-OI处理后Bcl-2表达明显增加(
F
=75.410,
P
<
0.001)和BAX表达明显降低(
F
=268.100,
P<
0.001),同时CytC、Caspase-9、Caspase-3表达均明显下调(
F
=234.000,
P
<
0.001;
F
=164.300,
P
<
0.001;
F
=424.1,
P
<
0.001)。
结论
2
综上所述,4-OI通过影响CytC/Caspase通路因子的表达抑制db/db糖尿病小鼠血管内皮细胞凋亡,进而改善糖尿病血管内皮功能障碍。
Objective
2
To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of 4-octyl itaconate(4-OI) on vascular endothelial function in diabetic mice,since endothelial dysfunction is the key and initial factor for vascular complications in diabetes.
Methods
2
The db/db mice were used to establish a mouse model of diabetes,and high glucose(HG)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs) were used to establish a cell model of diabetes. After 4-OI treatment,HE staining,Masson staining,and reticular fiber staining were used to observe pathological changes of the thoracic aorta in the control group,the model group,and the intervention group;Western blot was used to measure the expression of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),a marker for endothelial fibrosis;immunofluorescence assay was used to measure the expression levels of Bcl-2-associated X protein(BAX) and B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2) in the thoracic aorta of mice in the control group,the model group,and the intervention group;immunoblotting was used to observe the effect of 4-OI intervention on the expression of BAX,Bcl-2,and the proteins associated with the cytochrome C(CytC)/cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase(caspase) pathway in HG-induced HUVECs.
Results
2
The results showed that 4-OI could significantly improve vascular endothelial dysfunction in db/db diabetic mice. Compared with the model group,the intervention group had a significant increase in the expression of Bcl-2(0.73±0.07 vs. 0.52±0.04,
F
=49.380,
P
=0.009) and a significant reduction in the expression of BAX(1.41±0.14 vs. 1.89±0.12,
F
=37.270,
P
=0.008) after 4-OI treatment. In the cell model of HUVECs induced by HG,compared with the high glucose group,the intervention group had a significant increase in the expression of Bcl-2(1.22±0.04 vs. 0.81±0.09,
F
=75.410,
P
<
0.001) and a significant reduction in the expression of BAX(0.83±0.04 vs. 1.12±0.04,
F
=268.100,
P
<
0.001) after 4-OI treatment,as well as significant reductions in the expression of CytC(0.61±0.03 vs. 1.01±0.03,
F
=234.000,
P
<
0.001),caspase-9(0.62±0.03 vs. 1.04±0.04,
F
=164.300,
P<
0.001),and casp
ase-3(0.92±0.06 vs. 1.74±0.04,
F
=424.100,
P
<
0.001).
Conclusion
2
In conclusion,4-OI inhibits vascular endothelial cell apoptosis in diabetic mice by affecting the expression of the CytC/Caspase pathway factors,thereby improving vascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetes.
Sun J , Huang XZ , Niu C , et al . aFGF alleviates diabetic endothelial dysfunction by decreasing oxidative stress via Wnt/β-catenin-mediated upregulation of HXK2 [J ] . Redox Biol , 2021 , 39 : 101811 .
中国医学会糖尿病学 . 中国2型糖尿病防治指南(2020年版) [J ] . 中国糖尿病杂志 , 2021 , 13 ( 4 ): 315 - 409 .
Diabetology of Chinese Medical Association . Guidelines for Prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes in China (2020 edition) [J ] . Chin J Diabetes , 2021 , 13 ( 4 ): 315 - 409 .
Kaur R , Kaur M , Singh J . Endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus:molecular insights and therapeutic strategies [J ] . Cardiovasc Diabetol , 2018 , 17 ( 1 ): 121 .
Knapp M , Tu X , Wu RX . Vascular endothelial dysfunction,a major mediator in diabetic cardiomyopathy [J ] . Acta Pharmacol Sin , 2019 , 40 ( 1 ): 1 - 8 .
Azemi AK , Mokhtar SS , Rasool AHG . Clinacanthus nutans leaves extract reverts endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes rats by improving protein expression of eNOS [J ] . Oxid Med Cell Longev , 2020 , 2020 : 7572892 .
Karan AM , Bhakkiyalakshmi E , Jayasuriya R , et al . The pivotal role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction [J ] . Pharmacol Res , 2020 , 153 : 104601 .
Ding H , Triggle CR . Endothelial cell dysfunction and the vascular complications associated with type 2 diabetes:assessing the health of the endothelium [J ] . Vasc Health Risk Manag , 2005 , 1 ( 1 ): 55 - 71 .
Rahman S , Rahman T , Ismail AAS , et al . Diabetes-associated macrovasculopathy:pathophysiology and pathogenesis [J ] . Diabetes Obes Metab , 2007 , 9 ( 6 ): 767 - 780 .
Vinik A , Flemmer M . Diabetes and macrovascular disease [J ] . J Diabetes Complications , 2002 , 16 ( 3 ): 235 - 245 .
Bambouskova M , Gorvel L , Lampropoulou V , et al . Electrophilic properties of itaconate and derivatives regulate the IκBζ-ATF3 inflammatory axis [J ] . Nature , 2018 , 556 ( 7702 ): 501 - 504 .
Mills EL , Ryan DG , Prag HA , et al . Itaconate is an anti-inflammatory metabolite that activates Nrf2 via alkylation of KEAP1 [J ] . Nature , 2018 , 556 ( 7699 ): 113 - 117 .
Lampropoulou V , Sergushichev A , Bambouskova M , et al . Itaconate links inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase with macrophage metabolic remodeling and regulation of inflammation [J ] . Cell Metab , 2016 , 24 ( 1 ): 158 - 166 .
O’Neill LAJ , Artyomov MN . Itaconate:the poster child of metabolic reprogramming in macrophage function [J ] . Nat Rev Immunol , 2019 , 19 ( 5 ): 273 - 281 .
Tang C , Wang XH , Xie YY , et al . 4-octyl itaconate activates Nrf2 signaling to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of systemic lupus erythematosus patients [J ] . Cell Physiol Biochem , 2018 , 51 ( 2 ): 979 - 990 .
Song HY , Xu T , Feng XF , et al . Itaconate prevents abdominal aortic aneurysm formation through inhibiting inflammation via activation of Nrf2 [J ] . EBioMedicine , 2020 , 57 : 102832 .
Muri J , Wolleb H , Broz P , et al . Electrophilic Nrf2 activators and itaconate inhibit inflammation at low dose and promote IL-1β production and inflammatory apoptosis at high dose [J ] . Redox Biol , 2020 , 36 : 101647 .
Zhu XY , Guo YY , Liu ZG , et al . Itaconic acid exerts anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects via promoting pentose phosphate pathway to produce ROS [J ] . Sci Rep , 2021 , 11 ( 1 ): 18173 .
Song JR , Zhang YL , Frieler RA , et al . Itaconate suppresses atherosclerosis by activating a Nrf2-dependent antiinflammatory response in macrophages in mice [J ] . J Clin Invest , 2023 , 134 ( 3 ): e173034 .
Ackermann WW , Potter VR . Enzyme inhibition in relation to chemotherapy [J ] . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med , 1949 , 72 ( 1 ): 1 - 9 .
Jin H , Zhu Y , Li YP , et al . BDNF-mediated mitophagy alleviates high-glucose-induced brain microvascular endothelial cell injury [J ] . Apoptosis , 2019 , 24 ( 5/6 ): 511 - 528 .
Lespagnol E , Dauchet L , Pawlak-Chaouch M , et al . Early endothelial dysfunction in type 1 diabetes is accompanied by an impairment of vascular smooth muscle function:a meta-analysis [J ] . Front Endocrinol , 2020 , 11 : 203 .
Xiang J , Zhang CL , Di TT , et al . Salvianolic acid B alleviates diabetic endothelial and mitochondrial dysfunction by down-regulating apoptosis and mitophagy of endothelial cells [J ] . Bioengineered , 2022 , 13 ( 2 ): 3486 - 3502 .
Bambouskova M , Gorvel L , Lampropoulou V , et al . Electrophilic properties of itaconate and derivatives regulate theIκBζ–ATF3 inflammatory axis [J ] . Nature , 2018 , 556 : 501 - 504 .
Olagnier D , Brandtoft AM , Gunderstofte C , et al . Nrf2 negatively regulates STING indicating a link between antiviral sensing and metabolic reprogramming [J ] . Nat Commun , 2018 , 9 : 3506 .
Mills EL , Ryan DG , Prag HA , et al . Itaconate is an anti-inflammatory metabolite that activates Nrf2 via alkylation of KEAP1 [J ] . Nature , 2018 , 556 ( 7699 ): 113 - 117 .
Domínguez-Andrés J , Novakovic B , Li Y , et al . The itaconate pathway is a central regulatory node linking innate immune tolerance and trained immunity [J ] . Cell Metab , 2019 , 29 ( 1 ): 211 - 220 . e5.
Xie YY , Chen ZL , Wu ZW . Four-octyl itaconate attenuates UVB-induced melanocytes and keratinocytes apoptosis by Nrf2 activation-dependent ROS inhibition [J ] . Oxid Med Cell Longev , 2022 , 2022 : 9897442 .
Fan KR , Chen K , Zan XY , et al . Negative regulation of pro-apoptotic AMPK/JNK pathway by itaconate in mice with fulminant liver injury [J ] . Cell Death Dis , 2023 , 14 ( 7 ): 486 .
Tabandeh MR , Soroush F , Dayer D . Itaconic acid as A differential transcription regulator of apoptosis and autophagy pathways genes:a rat adipose mesenchymal stem cells model [J ] . Cell J , 2022 , 24 ( 10 ): 586 - 595 .
0
Views
9
下载量
0
CSCD
Publicity Resources
Related Articles
Related Author
Related Institution
京公网安备11010802024621
