While artificial intelligence (AI) has demonstrated significant potential across medical fields

its surgical applications

particularly in oncology remain largely exploratory. This review synthesizes recent advances in AI technologies and their clinical integration within surgery. Preoperatively

AI strengthens planning by increasing risk prediction accuracy

refining imaging analysis

and enabling virtual surgical training

thereby optimizing surgical preparation and safety. Intraoperatively

it facilitates real-time navigation

powers robotic assistance

enables 5G telesurgery

and provides decision support

contributing to enhanced precision and procedural efficiency. Postoperatively

AI-driven monitoring and remote care optimize recovery pathways and complication management

improving outcomes and resource utilization. Despite these advancements

key challenges persist

including data bias

the “black-box” problem

privacy concerns

model generalizability

and real-time processing constraints. Interdisciplinary collaboration

robust ethical frameworks

and sustained technical refinement are essential to fully realizing AI’s potential. Future progress

driven by technological evolution and deeper multidisciplinary cooperation

is poised to advance the practice of surgical oncology toward greater precision

intelligence

and accessibility

thereby fostering innovation in global healthcare systems.