This study investigated the role of N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation in liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy in mice. We created a liver-specific knockout mouse model by the deletion of Mettl3

a key component of the N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase complex

using the albumin-Cre system. Mettl3 liver-specific knockout mice and their wild-type littermates were subjected to 2/3 partial hepatectomy. Transcriptomic changes in liver tissue at 48 h after partial hepatectomy were detected by RNA-seq. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to determine protein expression levels of Ki67

hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha

and cytokeratin 19. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling was also performed. Liver weight/body weight ratios after partial hepatectomy were significantly lower in Mettl3 liver-specific knockout mice than in wild-type mice at 48 h after 2/3 partial hepatectomy (3.1% ± 0.11%

vs.

2.7% ± 0.03%). Compared with wild-type littermates

Mettl3 liver-specific knockout mice showed reduced bromodeoxyuridine staining and reduced Ki-67 expression at 48 h after 2/3 partial hepatectomy. RNA-seq analysis showed that Mettl3 liver-specific knockout delayed the cell cycle progression in murine liver by downregulating the expression levels of genes encoding cyclins D1

A2

B1

and B2. Loss of Mettl3-mediated N6-methyladenosine function led to attenuated liver regeneration by altering the mRNA decay of suppressor of cytokine signaling 6

thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 during early liver regeneration. These results demonstrated the importance of N6-methyladenosine mRNA modification in liver regeneration and suggest that Mettl3 targeting might facilitate liver regeneration.