N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant inner RNA modification in eukaryotes. Due to the development of RNA sequencing technology

the distribution pattern of m6A in the transcriptome has been uncovered. Dynamically

the reversible N6-methylation is mediated by two types of proteins

which are classified as “writers” and “erasers”. Under the association of specific co-factors

writers show spatiotemporal N6-methyltransferase activity. Mechanically

m6A can be recognized by “reader” proteins or can directly modify RNA conformation

and it widely affects gene expression by mediating RNA stability

translation

splicing and export. m6A is involved in a series of physiology processes. Dysregulation of m6A is gradually defined as the pathogenesis of some diseases

e.g.

cancer and cardiovascular disease. Therefore

a good understanding of m6A is essential for molecular biology and pathology research. In this article we systemically present an overview of the functions and mechanisms of identified m6A regulators. The discovered biological and pathological processes affected by m6A are also summarized. We hope that readers with related research interests benefit from our review.