Transcervical resection of adhesion (TCRA) is the standard treatment for the intrauterine adhesions

but the recurrence of adhesions is a tough problem for the gynecologist. In addition

the therapeutic strategy after TCRA about prevention of recurrence remains controversial especially for the patients with moderate to severe intrauterine adhesions (IUAs). Hence

we designed this study to explore the safety and efficacy of fresh amnion grafts for preventing the recurrence after TCRA for patients with moderate to severe IUAs. One hundred patients with moderate to severe IUAs who presented with a history of hypomenorrhea

amenorrhea and infertility were included in the study from January 2015 to December 2017. Patients were divided into amnion group (52 patients) and chitosan group (48 patients). Fresh amnion grafts or intrauterine injections of chitosan were administered after TCRA. Transvaginal ultrasonography (TVUS) and hysteroscopy were performed at the first and third month after the operation. The surgical procedures for all patients were completed successfully without relevant complications. In amnion group

8 patients exhibited relapse in the first month and 2 patients in three months after surgery; in chitosan group

23 women exhibited relapse in the first month and 18 patients in three months after surgery. Statistical analysis revealed that the recurrence rate of adhesion in amnion group was significantly lower than those of chitosan group in the first and three months after surgery (

P

1

 = 0.000

P

2

 = 0.000). After TCRA

fresh amnion graft plays a significant role in preventing further adhesions than injections of chitosan.