Objective　To establish a reasonable evaluation system of the training effect of residents and professional master degree graduates in order to meet the needs of the construction of medical education system. Methods　A questionnaire study had been conducted by stratified sampling to evaluate the abilities of the residents and medical professional degree graduates who had finished residency training in Beijing from 2015 to 2016. The trainees were evaluated by themselves

their colleagues and patients they had dealt with. Results　The results showed that 95.29% of the trainees and 99.00% of their colleagues or patients thought that the overall abilities of the trainees were excellent or better

and the evaluation results of all kinds of personnel above were consistent. Statistical analysis showed that some of the sub items of each ability index were evaluated better than the others

such as professional ethics

team cooperation ability and interpersonal communication ability

while some of the sub abilities need to be improved such as the information and management ability as well as teaching and research ability. The comparative analysis indicated that the postgraduates were superior to the residents in abilities of clinical diagnosis and treatment

information and management ability

and teaching and research ability. Conclusion　The study showed that the training effect of residents and professional degree graduates had met the basic requirements

but the comprehensive quality and innovation ability needs to be promoted. The combination of degree education and resident training helps to cultivate the comprehensive ability of medical talents.