In our country， nowadays， evaluation system of stages-model is adopted to estimate the quality of education training of postgraduates majoring in hepatobiliary surgery. The quality of the published papers is the chief standard to assess postgraduates' learning outcome. Meanwhile different standards of evaluation have been established according to the distinction between the professional degree and the academic degree. Institution of Hepatobiliary Surgery of PLA in Southwest Hospital summarized the defects in current evaluation system for the master degree candidates of hepatobiliary surgery through questionnaire survey. And the defects were listed below: firstly， the evaluation content was too much simplex; secondly， the evaluation method was relatively hysteretic; and finally， external assessment from single part was the main form. On this basis， Institution of Hepatobiliary Surgery of PLA in Southwest Hospital proposed some measures to optimize and the evaluation system to improve the comprehensive quality of these postgraduates. These measures were also listed below： ①establish-ing the evaluation system of goal programming； detailing the training objective by tutors and postgrad-uates according to the direction of the research project and the situation of themselves and using these detailed objectives as the primal reference to do evaluation. ②establishing the total quality manage-ment system covering the professional competence， capacity for scientific research， humanistic quality and medical ethics to broaden the depth and breadth of the evaluation. ③introducing study process profile and the best evidence medical education in the training process to establish the monitoring system and the information feedback system.