Objective　To investigate current situation of teaching competition and to put forward some feasible suggestions for improving the teaching competition of theoretical course for young teachers. Methods　Questionnaire survey was conducted for 126 teachers including the effect of teaching competi-tion on effective teaching atmosphere， comprehensive teaching results， teaching ability and recommenda-tions for improvement. SPSS software was used to do statistical analysis and ?字2 test was applied. P<0.05 stands for statistically significant difference. Results　Investigation results demonstrated that teaching competition of theoretical course was conducive to forming effective teaching atmosphere， achieving better teaching effect and improving teaching ability of teachers. A ?字2 test was performed on the cognition of the cultivating of classroom management ability； results demonstrated that there were significant differ-ences between teachers with more than 10 years education age and those with less than 10 years education age （?字2=4.375， P=0.0365）. Conclusions　Teaching competition of theoretical course is an effective way to cultivate young teachers teaching ability. Teaching competition should be combined with training and feedback and evaluation should be more scientific and objective in order to improve young teachers' teaching ability.