Objective　To understand the medical students in clinical training in cognitive thinking ability， and to explore the clinical and basic thinking skills training prerequisites. Methods　A cluster sampling method was used to investigate the cognition of 189 clinical undergraduates on clinical thinking ability training in longyan city from 2011 to 2013 year. The contents of the investiga-tion included cognition on clinical thinking ability training and basic conditions and prerequisites of clinical thinking ability. The results were statistically analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software. Enumeration data were analyzed by chi-square test and measurement data by t test of normal distribution and rank sum test of non-normal distribution. Results　Of undergraduate medical students clinical thinking ability training on cognitive and not enough， only 16.93%（32/189） of the students think that really need， after practice that improve very needs students to 55.03%（104/189）， without a student that requires absolutely no training， practice and compare difference to have statistical significance（P=0.000）； training in basic condition before and after the regular teaching， clinical teaching practice， the prevention of medical disputes， differences of the clinical thinking ability were significant （P<0.05）； the necessary condition of doctor patient communication skills， specialist consultation examination， to discuss difficult cases had very significant difference before and after training（P＝0.000）. Conclusion　The clinical thinking ability of medical students is of great significance to build a harmonious relation-ship between doctors and patients， practice can improve the clinical thinking ability of the students in a certain extent， but there are still some problems in the current training hospital clinical thinking ability， need to further improve the training system model， in order to improve the clinical thinking ability of medical students.