Objective　To explore the application effect of formative assessment on the standardized training in pediatric residents. Methods　A total of 36 pediatric residents who attended the standardized training in affiliated hospital of Nantong university were randomly divided into 2 groups (18 in the experi-mental group and 18 in the control group) and trained in accordance with the standardized training content and standard of the national resident of pediatrics. Residents in the experimental group received formative assessment

with total score including process assessment (35%)

graduation examination (50%)

medical ethics (5%)

reading report (5%) and work attendance (5%). While the other 18 residents in the control group received traditional assessment

with final score of graduation examination. The effectiveness of for-mative assessment was conducted via analysis of test score and self evaluation. The SPSS 17.0 was used for statistics

independent sample t test was used to perform inter-group comparison and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to demonstrate the correlation. P<0.05 signifies statistically significant differences. Results　In the experimental group

the process evaluation and the graduation examination were both posi-tively related with the total score (r=0.953

r=0.966

P=0.00). In the graduation examination

the scores of clinical practice skills test and case analysis in the experimental group were both higher than those in the control group [(12.03±1.51) vs. (10.83±1.42)

(12.03±1.40) vs. (10.83±1.29)

P<0.05]

with statistically significant differences. The self evaluation of trainees showed that the clinical-inference and decision-making ability

the self-study ability

scores of attitudes and professionalism and total scores in the experi-mental group were higher than those in the control group

with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion　The application of formative evaluation on the standardized training in pediatric residents is beneficial to improve the training effect and is worth popularizing.