Objective　To investigate the pediatricians' needs in the contents of continuing medical education (CME)

and the influencing factors of participating in CME

so as to provide references for improving their vocational ability. Methods　Questionnaire survey was carried out for the pediatricians from county-level medical institutions in the nine provinces of China. The questionnaire contents included: basic information

CME contents needs

and influencing factors of participating in CME. SPSS 22.0 was used for chi-square test. Results　A total of 465 questionnaires was recovered

among which 463 were qualified

with a pass rate of 99.6%. Research showed that ① In terms of competency training needs

pediatricians had higher training demand for ability of diagnosis and treatment of children's diseases

pediatrics basic skills and skills related to children's health care

etc. Pediatricians with junior or intermediate title had higher training demand for ability of self-learning and access to learning resources (P < 0.01); and pediatricians with senior title had higher training demand for teaching ability (P < 0.05). ② In terms of pediatrics specialty content training needs

pediatricians had higher demand for neonatology

infectious

respiratory

critical medicine

developmental behavior and digestion in order. ③ Regarding the influencing factors of CME

too few opportunities to participate in training

too busy to have time to participate

and defects in curriculum arrangement were the main factors affecting the CME participation of pediatricians. Conclusion　Pediatricians with different professional title had different training needs for CME contents. Lack of CME resources

contradiction between work and study

and curriculum arrangement deficiencies might be the main influencing factors affecting the CME participation of pediatricians working at county-level medical institutions.