Objective:To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of patients with incidental prostate cancer.Methods:The proportion of incidentally diagnosed prostate cancer was investigated in 325 patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP)or prostectomy at our clinic over a 6year period(from 1999 to 2005).Incidental prostate cancer was defined as cases found prostatic cancer after operation where the preoperative digital rectal examination(DRE)and the prostate-specific antigen(PSA)value were normal.Patients with known malignancy of the prostate were excluded

together with those with PSA<4ng/ml and/or a positive DRE.Results:Of the 325 patients operated on between 1999 and December 2005(12 patients)had a positive pathological report for incidental prostate cancer.Of them

10 were in stage T1a and 2 in T1b.Conclusions:The best choice of treatment for patients with T1a was to observe and wait

whereas patients with T1b need positive treatment and close follow up.