Objective: To evaluate whether131I combined with lithium carbonate is better than131I alone in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. Methods: The literature published before April 2020 in PubMed

Web of Science

the Cochrane Library

CNKI

CBM and Wanfang databases was retrieved. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of131I combined with lithium carbonate and131I alone in the treatment of hyperthyroidism were searched. The risk bias evaluation tool recommended by Cochrane system evaluation manual was used to evaluate the quality of the included literature

and Review Manager 5.3 was used to perform Meta-analysis on the extracted data

while descriptive analysis was used for those that could not be combined. Results: This study included 14 RCTs for analysis

including 1 567 patients

808 in the experimental group and 759 in the control group. The results showed that there was significant difference in the cure rate of hyperthyroidism between131I combined with lithium carbonate and131I alone at the third month (RR=1.24

95% CI=1.09-1.41

P=0.001) and 12th month (RR=1.18

95% CI=1.04-1.34

P=0.010). There was significant difference in the recurrence rate of hyperthyroidism at the third month (RR=0.39

95% CI=0.18-0.85

P=0.02)

and the incidence of hypothyroidism in one month (RR=1.39

95% CI=1.06-1.84

P=0.02)

and no significant difference in the total effective rate of hyperthyroidism treatment at the third month (RR=1.02

95% CI=0.97-1.08

P=0.48) and sixth month (RR=1.06

95% CI=0.86-1.30

P=0.60). There was no significant difference in thyroid size at 1 month (SMD=-0.26

95% CI=-0.61-0.09

P=0.15). Conclusion: The results of systematic review show that131I combined with lithium carbonate in the treatment of hyperthyroidism

the cure rate

recurrence rate of hyperthyroidism in the third and 12th month and the incidence of hypothyroidism in the 12th month are better than those of131I alone

but there is no significant difference in the total effectiverateandthyroidsizeof hyperthyroidism treatment. However

due to the low quality of the included literature

its results and conclusions still need to be verified by more RCTs with large samples

multi centers

and test design specifications.