Objective：To study the relationship between diopter，anterior corneal aberration and ocular aberration in myopic eyes.Methods：Totally 74 patients（144 eyes） were recruited before corneal refractive surgery. All patients underwent the following exami－nations including mean spherical equivalent（SE），anterior corneal aberration（sirius，CSO），total aberration（wavefront analyzer，VISX）. The root mean square（RMS） of all order aberration（AOA），high order aberration（HOA），coma aberration（Coma），trefoil aberration（Trefoil），spherical aberration（Spherical），vertical coma（Z3-1），horizontal coma（Z31）were collected and the anterior corneal and total aberration measurements were performed on eyes with 6 mm pupil diameter. All data were dealt with Paired sample t-test and Pearson correlation analysis and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant difference. Results：The HOA，Coma，Trefoil and Spherical were significantly lower in ocular aberration than in the anterior corneal high-order aberration，with statistically significant differ－ences（P<0.05），and there was no significant difference in Z3-1 and Z31（P＞0.05）. There was no correlation between the diopter and all of the anterior corneal aberrationsboth in the group of SE≤-6.00 D（89 eyes） and group of SE＞-6.00 D（55 eyes）. The correlation coefficients（r） between diopter and anterior corneal surface aberrations in the group of SE≤-6.00 D were 0.086，0.074，0.060，0.066，0.054，0.112，-0.069，P＞0.05 and in the group of SE＞-6.00 D were 0.522，0.827，0.975，0.497，0.106，0.148，0.226，P＞0.05；significant correlation between the diopter and ocular aberration AOA was observed both in the groups of SE≤-6.00 D（r=0.741） and SE＞-6.00 D（r=0.962）（P＜0.01）. There was significant correlation between the diopter and Spherical of the whole eye in the groups of SE＞-6.00 D（r=0.346，P<0.05）. Conclusion：The intraocular HOA，Coma，Trefoil and Spherical exert compensation effect on the aber－rations of the anterior corneal to reduce the total ocular aberrations. The effect of intraocular Z3-1，Z31 on anterior corneal high order aberration show partial compensation and partial superposition among subjects. The diopter exert obvious effect on low-order aberra－tions of the ocular aberration and spherical aberration of higher-order aberrations，but has no effect on anterior corneal aberrations.