Objective：To analyze the relationship between the polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzymegene（ACE） gene I/D，procollagen Ⅲ N-terminal peptide（PⅢNT），matrix metalloproteinase-9（MMP-9） and hypersensitive C-reactive protein（hs-CRP） of essential hypertension（EH） of Buyi and Han populations in Guizhou province. Methods：The method of polymerase chain reaction/re－striction fragment length polymorphism was used to detect the frequency of each genotype and allele from 302 EH patients（154 Buyi people，148 Han people） and 299 healthy people（143 Buyi people，156 Han people） in southeastern Qiannan Guizhou. The method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect level of the PⅢNT，MMP-9 and hs-CPR of those pa－tients selected. Results：①The frequencies of ID genotype and allele D of ACE gene were statistically significant between EH group and health group，and between EH group and health control group in Buyi people（P<0.01）. ②The level of PⅢNT，MMP-9 and hs-CRP were statistically significant between Buyi people and Han people，and between EH group and health control group，and between EH group and health control group in Buyi people，and between EH group and health control group in Han people（P<0.01）. The levels of PⅢNT，MMP-9 and hs-CRP were statistically significant different in different genotypes of ACE I/D（P<0.01）. Conclusion：①The ID genotype and the allele D of ACE gene may be associated with the EH of Buyi people. Among the normal group of Buyi people，those who carry the ID genotype and allele D have higher risk than who carry Ⅱ or DD genotype and allele Ⅰ. The polymorphism of allele I/D of ACE gene may be one of the pathogenic factors of EH in Buyi people who came from southeastern Qiannan Guizhou.②The EH patients of Buyi people and those carry the ID genotype are may likely occur collagen accumulation，inflammatory reaction，deposition of extracellular and vascular remodel.