Objective：To investigate the expression of histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1（Hint1） gene in the endometrium during early pregnancy in mice and its role in decidualization of endometrial stromal cells. Methods：Immunohistochemistry，in situ hybridization，Western blot，and RT-qPCR were used to measure the expression of Hint1 in the uterus in mouse models of early preg－nancy，pseudopregnancy，and artificially-induced decidualization，and siRNA was used to knockdown the expression of Hint1 in pri－mary endometrial stromal cells. LC-MS was used to analyze the effect of Hint1 on lipidomic profile in stromal cells during decidualiza－tion. Results：The expression of Hint1 gradually increased from day 1 to day 8 of pregnancy，and the expression at implantation sites was significantly higher than that at non-implantation sites. The mice with artificially induced decidualization had significantly higher expression of Hint1 in the endometrium than the control mice without decidualization. The siRNA interference with Hint1 expression significantly affected decidualization and lipid metabolism in endometrial stromal cells. Conclusion：There is an increase in the expression of Hint1 in endometrial stromal cells during decidualization，which may be associated with lipid metabolism in endometrial stromal cells during decidualization.