Objective：To investigate the prevalence of depression and influential factors in drug users receiving methadone mainte－nance treatment in Nanchang，trying to find some evidence for more mental intervention. Methods：Drug users receiving metha-done maintenance treatment in Nanchang were selected by convenience cluster sampling and surveyed with questionnaire including self-rating depression scale（SDS） and self-made general questionnaire. Results：The overall prevalence of depression was 53.91%（207/384） in drug users receiving methadone maintenance treatment in Nanchang；the mean score of depression was （55.03?11.05）. Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that female（OR=0.243），good economic conditions in their own conceit （OR=0.550） and learning more about the knowledge of HIV/AIDS（OR=0.358） had a protective effect on depression；having a drug addiction attack（OR=1.762）and great economic pressure （OR=1.585） were risk factors for depression. Conclusion：The depression are common in drug users re－ceiving methadone maintenance treatment in Nanchang；therefore，we should take appropriate preventive measures in accordance with the patient’s specific situation in the clinical work，so as to prevent the occurrence of depression in drug users receiving methadone maintenance treatment.