Objective：To assess the safety and feasibility of multiple-tract mini and standard single-tract percutaneous nephrolithoto－my in the treatment of complex renal calculi. Methods：Totally 78 cases of complex renal calculi were treated in our hospital from De－cember 2006 to December 2011. Forty cases were treated with multiple-tract mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy and 38 cases were treated with standard single-tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Operative time，hospital stay，one phase stone-free rate，postoperative adjuvant therapy，two phase stone-free rate，amount of bleeding were analyzed and compared. Results：In multi-tract group，operative time was （132.11±12.54） min and hospital stay was （12.32±2.15） d and in single-tract group，operative time was （137.85±16.52） min and hospital stay was （11.45±1.92） d （P=0.09 and P=0.06）. One phase stone-free rates in multi-tract group and in single-tract group were 77.5%（31/40） and 52.63%（20/38）（P=0.02）. Rate of adjuvant therapy was 20.0%（8/40）in multi-tract group，significantly lower than 44.74%（17/38） in single-tract group（P=0.02）. Two phase stone-free rates in multi-tract group and in single-tract group were 92.5%（37/40） and 71.05%（27/38）（P=0.01）. Amount of bleeding of two group was （88.3±7.5） ml and （85.6±8.2） ml （P=0.13）. Conclusions：Higher successful rate and stone-free rate can be achieved in patients with complex renal calculi treated by mul－tiple-tract mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy than by standard single-tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy.