Objective：To report a case of non-hodgkin’s lymphoma in the right thalamus and to discuss related literature at home and abroad in order to improve the understanding of the disease. Methods：The clinical manifestation，laboratory examination，diagnosis and treatment of this case were analyzed and its clinical characteristics，diagnosing and treating methods were discussed based on the literature review. Results：Preoperative literature indicated glioma in the right thalamus but postoperative histopathologic examination suggested non-hodgkin’s lymphoma，diffusing large B cell type. The patient died at two months after the surgery without performing chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Conclusion：Thalamus non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is rarely seen and can be easily misdiagnosed as glioma. Diagnosis should be made according to the results of preoperative biopsy or postoperative histopathologic examination. The natural life period of patients with thalamus lymphoma is short and the prognosis is poor after analyzing the clinical characteristics and treating process.