Objective：To explore changes in serum protein expression between patients with renal carcinoma and the healthy people so as to screen out and construct diagnostic model of renal carcinoma in Xinjiang. Methods：Weak cation exchange and hydrophobic surface protein chip（CM10） and surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry（SELDI-TOF-MS） were used to detect the serum protein. Serum specimens from 40 renal carcinoma patients and 44 healthy controls were analyzed in order to screen out the serum differentially expressing proteins of renal carcinoma and to construct renal carcinoma diagnostic model. Results：Significantly differences were existed between healthy controls and renal carcinoma patients with renal carcinoma（P＜0.05）. Total ten protein peaks（mass to charge ratio（M/Z） being 5 914，5 940，8 087，8 155，5 949，8 067，5 986，5 346，15 946 and 6 116） were all high-expressed in patients with renal carcinoma and all of them were low-expressed in healthy controls. After cross validation，diagnostic model was composed and established by the above ten proteins. Specificity and sensitivity were 93.18%（41/44） and 92.50%（37/40）. Conclusion：Bioinformatics software analysis combined with SELDI-TOF-MS is effective in looking for biomarkers of renal carcinoma. Patients with renal carcinoma and healthy controls in Xinjaing can be accurately distinguished by constitutive sensitive diagnostic model. Four（M/Z 5 914，5 940，8 067，6 116） protein peaks may be β-amyloid protein，human β-defensin，ProGRP and metallothionein.