Objective：To discuss the influential factors and intervention measures for patients with ventilator associated pneumonia（VAP） in neurological internal care unit. Methods：Totally 882 hospitalized patients with VAP in neurological internal care unit from January to December in 2013 were investigated by regression analysis method. VAP incidence，connection mode of ventilator，pathogen characteristics and high risk factors were analyzed. Results：The ventilator served for 176 cases（168 invasive cases and 8 noninvasive cases）. Infection occurred in 42 cases（41 invasive cases and 1 noninvasive case） and VAP infection rate was 23.86%. Gram-nega－tive bacteria（85.71%） made up most part of the infection including bauman acinetobacter sp，klebsiella，pseudomonas aeruginosa. Gram-positive bacteria made up 9.53% of the infection including staphylococcus aureus and fungi（4.76%）. High risk factors of VAP were underlying diseases，long period of hospitalization，invasive operation，and antibiotics abuse. Conclusion：Neurological intensive care unit is a division with high incidence of VAP. VAP mainly occurs in patients using ventilator and VAP pathogens are dominated by gram negative bacteria. Active treatment of underlying diseases，strict aseptic concept，reducing of invasive operation，rational use of antimicrobial drugs，shortening of hospitalization duration should be conducted to prevent and control the incidence and develop－ment of VAP.