Objective：To evaluate the prevention of bone cement leakage with gelatin sponge pre-injection during percutaneous verte－broplasty（PVP） operation. Methods：The thoracolumbar samples from elderly female corpse were selected to make compression frac－ture models. The models were randomized into low viscosity bone cement group（group A） and gelatin sponge pre-injection plus low viscosity bone cement group（group B）. The bone cement dynamic viscosity under the temperature of 19 ℃ in both groups was esti－mated. Bone cement leakage rate and leakage quantity of each group were detected by using imitated percutaneous vertebroplasty （PVP） method and by separately injecting 5 ml bone cement at constantly slow speed at points of 3，6，9，12 min after the bone cement reconciliation. Results：The viscosity of low viscosity bone cement increased with the time while adding gelatin sponge exerted great impact on the viscosity. The viscosity of bone cement viscosity in group B was higher than that of group A，with statistical significant differences（P=0.000）. The appropriate time point for adding gelatin sponge was 9 min after cement mixing. The leakage quantity of group B was significantly fewer than that of group A（P=0.035）. Conclusion：The traditional method of combining low viscosity bone cement with gelatin sponge pre-injection can obviously decrease percolation rate and percolation quantity of the bone cement. This method is more economical，easier to operate and has a good prospect of clinical promotion.