Intervertebral disc degeneration（IDD） is mainly seen in the lumbar disc herniation，spinal stenosis and other spinal dis－eases and may cause symptoms like muscle strain and back pain，seriously bothering the normal lives of patients. Bone morphogenetic protein（BMP） is a kind of protein proven to be closely related with bone formation and cartilage formation. The effect of BMP on the development and function maintaining of intervertebral disc has attracted a large number of researchers to explore its mechanism. The preventive treatment of IDD by gene therapy is one of the current research hotspots. The research progresses of mechanism of BMP in the repairing of intervertebral disc degeneration were reviewed in this article.