OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of dexmedetomidine on hemodynamics during anesthesia induction and cardiovascular events of elderly patients with atrial fibrillation. METHODS： 58 patients with atrial fibrillation were randomly divided into control group （28 cases） and observation group （30 cases）. Control group was given regular anesthesia； observation group was additionally given dexmedetomidine 0.6 μg/kg， ivgtt， within 15 min before anesthesia induction on the basis of control group. The hemodynamics， anesthesia recovery time and the incidence of cardiovascular events were compared between 2 groups after entering the operation room （T0）， immediately after stopping intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine （T1）， immediately before intubation （T2）， 1 ，3 and 5 min after intubation （T3， T4 and T5）. RESULTS： BIS and HR of observation group at T1-T4 were significantly lower than at T0， while SBP and DBP at T1-T4 were significantly higher than T0， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. SBP and DBP of observation group at T1-T4 were significantly lower than those of control group， and BIS and HR at T1-T4 were significantly higher than control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. The breathing recovery time， eye opening time and orientation recovery time of observation group were all significantly shorter than those of control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. The incidence of cardiovascular events as hypotension and tachycardia in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）； the difference was not statistically significant between 2 groups of patients and hypertension（P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Dexmedetomidine can effectively stabilize hemodynamic index in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation during anesthesia induction period， promote recovery from anesthesia and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.