OBJECTIVE: To observe clinical efficacy and safety of naloxone hydrochloride combined with Danshen injection in the treatment of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). METHODS: 104 patients with HIE were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 52 cases in each group. The control group was treated with Naloxone hydrochloride injection 0.02 mg/kg,ivgtt,qd and conventional symptomatic treatment; while observation group was additionally treated with Danshen injection 4-6 ml+10% Glucose injection 20 ml, ivgtt, qd, on the basis of the control group. Treatment course of 2 groups lasted for 7 d. Clinical efficacy, symptom and sign recovery of 2 groups were compared, as well as levels of serum MMP-9, IL-6 and TNF-α, cerebral hemodynamic parameters and ADR. RESULTS: There was no statistical significance in MMP-9,IL-6,TNF-α and cerebral hemodynamic parameters before treatment (P>0.05). The total effective rate of observation group (92.31%) was significantly higher than that of control group (75.00%); after treatment, the recovery time of consciousness disturbance, primitive reflex and muscle tension in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group; the levels of serum MMP-9, IL-6 and TNF-α in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group; peak systolic flow velocity (PSFV), end-diastolic flow velocity (EDTV) were higher in the observation group than in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05); resistance index (RI) was lower than in control group, but without statistical significance (P>0.05). No ADR was observed in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Naloxone hydrochloride combined with Danshen injection can significantly promote HIE and signs recovery, reduce the levels of serum MMP-9, IL-6 and TNF-α, and improve hemodynamic parameters with good safety.