OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin or nifedipine or racanisodamine in the treatment of lower ureteral calculi. METHODS:160 patients with lower ureteral calculi were randomly divided into group A (40 cases), group B (40 cases), group C (40 cases) and group D (40 cases). All patients drank plenty of water to make daily urine output more than 2 000 ml. Based on it, group A orally received 0.4 mg Tamsulosin hydrochloride sustained release capsule, once a day. Group B orally received 10 mg Nifedipine tablet, 3 times a day. Group C orally received 10 mg racanisodamine tablet, 3 times a day. Group D received no other drugs except for increasing drinking. The treatment course for all groups was 2 weeks. Clinical efficacy, lithagogue time, lithagogue size, residual calculi size and the incidence of adverse reactions in all groups were observed. RESULTS: The total effective rate in group A was higher than group C, which was higher than group B and group D, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Lithagogue time in group A was shorter than group B and group C, which was shorter than group D, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between group B and group C(P>0.05). Lithagogue size in group A was more than group C, which was more than group B and group D, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between group B and group D (P>0.05). Residual calculi size in group A was less than group B, which was less than group C and group D, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). And there were no severe adverse reactions in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of tamsulosin is superior to nifedipine and racanisodamine in the treatment of lower ureteral calculi, while nifedipine and racanisodamine show similar efficacy, with better safety.