OBJECTIVE: To discuss the drug resistance situation and influential factors of sputum culture positive tuberculosis patients in a specialized subject hospital. METHODS: The information of sputum culture positive tuberculosis inpatients were collected from Heze infectious disease hospital during Jan. 1st 2014 to Apr. 30th 2015; the results of drug sensitive test were analyzed retrospectively by using absolute concentration method. RESULTS: Among 259 patients, 137 cases were drug-resistant(52.90%), among including 69(26.64%) mono-drug resistant cases, 52(20.08%) poly-drug resistant cases, 15(5.79%)multi-drug resistant cases and 1(0.39%)extensively drug resistant case; streptomycin (31.66%) and amikacin (15.44%) were drugs with the highest drug-resistant rate; there was no statistical significance in resistant rate between different genders and ages(P>0.05), the rate of drug resistance in first-treatment patients was 47.21%, and that of the re-treatment patients was 70.97%, the difference was statistical significant(P<0.05). In addition to ethambutol and kanamycin, other all had mono-drug resistance, there were 27 combinations of poly-drug resistance and 9 combinations of multi-drug resistance. Logistic regression analysis showed that treatment history was a risk factor for drug-resistance, the risk of re-treatment patient was 2.734 times of first-treatment patients. CONCLUSIONS: Sputum culture positive tuberculosis inpatients patients have high drug resistance and complex spectrum in the hospital; we should pay great attention to the risk of drug resistance in senile patients and re-treatment patients, and rational use of streptomycin, amikacin, isoniazid and capreomycin.