OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effect of rapid rehabilitation surgery assisted to fluorouracil， oxaliplatin， leucovorin （FOLFOX） on postoperative recovery， complications and quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer. METHODS： 60 patients with colorectal cancer were randomly divided into control group （30 cases） and observation group （30 cases）. After resection of colorectal cancer， control group received 85 mg/m2 Oxaliplatin for injection， 2 h intravenous infusion， d1+200 mg/m2 Calcium levofolinate for injection， intravenous infusion， once a day， d1-2+400 mg/m2 Fluorouracil injection， intravenous infusion， once a day，d1-5 then 600 mg/m2 for 22 h intravenous infusion， d1-2. Observation was additionally given rapid rehabilitation surgery. 2-week was regarded as 1 course， it lasted 12 courses. Urinary retention time， anal exhaust time， first defecation time， postoperative hospitalization time， scores of life quality （overall health，emotional function，mental health，physiological functions，physical function，somatic pain，vitality，social function） in 2 groups were observed， and the incidence of postoperative complications was recorded. RESULTS： The urinary retention time， anal exhaust time， first defecation time， postoperative hospitalization time in observation group were significantly shorter than control group， the incidence of postoperative complications in observation group was significantly lower than control group， overall health， emotional function and mental health score were significantly higher than control group， the differences were statistically significant （P＜0.05）， but there were no significant differences in physiological functions， physical function， somatic pain， vitality， social function score in 2 groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Rapid rehabilitation surgery assisted to FOLFOX chemotherapy can reduce the incidence of postoperative complications in patients with colorectal cancer， improve quality of life， shorten hospitalization time and promote postoperative recovery.