OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of iguratimod combined with methotrexate and diacerein respectively on related indexes of refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RRA). METHODS: 98 RRA patients were randomly divided into control group (48 cases) and observation group (50 cases). Control group received Iguratimod tablet 25 mg, twice a day+Methotrexate tablet with initial dose of 10 mg, once a week, increased to 12.5 mg after 2 weeks, increased to 15 mg in the second courses, once a week. Observation group received Iguratimod tablet (the same dosage and usage with control group)+Diacerein granule 50 mg, twice a day. 4-week was a course, they were treated for 6 courses. Morning stiffness time, the numbers of 28 joints tenderness and swelling, 28 joint disease activity score (DAS28), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF), IL-1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α, C-reaction protein (CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), early peak flow (peak E), left ventricular late flow peak flow (peak A), E/A and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) before and after treatment, and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS: Before treatment, morning stiffness time, the numbers of 28 joints tenderness and swelling, DAS28 score, ESR, RF, IL-1, TNF-α, CRP, VEGF, MDA, TAOC and peak A in 2 groups were significantly lower than before treatment, and observation group was significantly lower than control group; SOD, peak E, E/A and LVEF in 2 groups were significantly higher than before treatment, and observation group was significantly higher than control group, with statistical significances (P<0.05). And there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Iguratimod combined with diacerein is superior to iguratimod combined with methotrexate in improving cardiac function, oxidation-antioxidant imbalance play and reducing inflammatory reactions in the treatment of RRA, with similar safety.