OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the quality of Bombyx batryticatus medicinal materials in the market by multi-index， and provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS： Referring to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia （2015 edition， part 1）， the appearance characters of samples were observed， moisture and the total ash were detected， Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was adopted to identify the medicinal materials， UV-Visible spectrophotometry and potassium permanganate titration were respectively used to determine the contents of active ingredient protein and ammonium oxalate. RESULTS： The moisture ranged in 2.84％-4.07％ （RSD＜5％， n＝3）， total ash in 7.79％-34.32％ （RSD＜5％， n＝3）， UV and FTIR spectra were basically similar， and both can reflect the characteristic peaks of protein peptides. Protein content ranged in 29.87％-57.19％ （RSD＜0.5％， n＝3）， ammonium oxalate content in 0.27％-4.77％ （RSD＜5％， n＝3）. CONCLUSIONS： The 10 batches of samples are authentic and processed products， moisture fits the requirement in pharmacopoeia while total ash does not； and the main ingredient is protein peptides. However， effective protein polypeptide content shows great differences as well as ammonium oxalate.