OBJECTIVE： To compare the model rats with colitis induced by 2， 4， 6-three nitrobenzene sulfonic acid （TNBS） and dextran sulfate sodium （DSS）. METHODS： SD model rats were randomly divided into normal control group， TNBS model group and DSS model group， 10 in each group. Rats in TNBS model group received 100 mg/kg disposable enema by TNBS 50％ ethanol solution to induce colitis model， DSS model group received 4％ DSS ethanol solution for 7 d by themselves to induce colitis model. The general conditions of rats were observed， total cholesterol （TC） and triglyceride （TG） contents， colon length and weight， myeloperoxidase （MPO） activity in colon tissue were detected， general appearance of colon was visually observed， and hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes. RESULTS： Compared with normal control group， body mass of rats in TNBS model group was reduced； colon length was shortened， and unit length quality was increased； feces character index， serum TG content， MPO activity， general appearance score and pathology score of colon were obviously increased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Body mass of rats in DSS model group was reduced； colon length was shortened； feces character and pathology score of colon were obviously increased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with DSS model group， colon length of rats in TNBS model group was shortened； unit length quality was increased； serum TC， TG contents， general appearance score and pathology score of colon were obviously increased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； histopathological examination showed obvious intestinal ulcers and adhesions. CONCLUSIONS： The feces score of model rat with colitis induced by DSS is lower than those induced by TNBS， while model rats induced by TNBS are more serious and slowly recover in terms of intestinal tissue injury than those induced by DSS.