OBJECTIVE： To describe the effect of Jiangsu Pharmaceutical Management Quality Control Center （JPMQCC） on promoting the rational use of antibacterial agents in hospitals. METHODS： Measures in promoting the rational use of antibacterial agents taken by JPMQCC were introduced. Effect of quality control center on promoting the rational use of antibacterial agents was analyzed by collecting data （such as antibacterial prescription proportion， inpatients’ use rate of antibacterial agents） about the clinical use of antibacterial agents during Jan. 2014-Jan. 2017 in “Jiangsu Pharmaceutical Management Quality Control Network Reporting System” established by JPMQCC. RESULTS： Measures implemented and developed by quality center included strictly implementing classification management and filing system of antibacterial agents， and carrying out basic information survey for applying antibacterial agents， etc. Applying data of antibacterial agents in totally 65 hospitals were collected. Analysis results showed， compared with Jan. 2014， antibacterial prescription proportion for outpatient of sample hospitals in Jan. 2017 was decreased from 18.37％ to 14.63％， and antibacterial prescription proportion for emergency was increased from 34.94％ to 37.92％. Inpatients’ use rate of antibacterial agents was decreased from 56.11％ to 51.28％， and its intensity was decreased from 49.74 to 44.13. The preventive use rate for thyroid， breast and hernia surgery was decreased from 35.27％ to 8.88％， and in interventional surgery diagnosis， it was decreased from 12.55％ to 2.46％. Pathogenic detection rate of inpatients was increased from 48.44％ to 54.60％. CONCLUSIONS： The quality control management in JPMQCC for more than 3 years has promoted the rational use of antibacterial agents of 65 hospitals in Jiangsu province.