OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the use of proton pump inhibitors （PPIs） in our hospital before and after the special rectification of rational drug use， provide reference for economical， reasonable and effective use of PPIs and explore the effective means of rational drug use control. METHODS： Medical records of 1 172 patients receiving PPIs were randomly selected from Taiyuan Central Hospital in 2015 （before rectification）， and 588 medical records were collected in the first half of 2017 （after rectification）. The medication information of patients were collected. The rationality of PPIs use was evaluated and analyzed in respects of indications， selection of drug varieties， usage and dosage， medication course， repeated medication， etc. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： For the problems that occurred， our hospital took the main management and control means including that rational drug use education was carried out to promote comprehensive cognition of medical staff to rational drug use； special discussion and training strengthen basic understanding of medical staff to drugs； The ability of medical staff using drugs was strengthened by regular mutual evaluation of drug use among various departments； Rational drug use was promoted by setting up special drug evaluation team for monthly evaluation and immediate publicity and key monitoring for key department； the medication consultation and bedside pharmaceutical care was provided for medical staff and patients so as to solve problems encountered in the course of medication； the results of drug evaluation are linked to performance， and supervision is strengthened through punishment.The unreasonable rate of using PPIs in 2015 was 31.9％. After special rectification in 2016， the unreasonable rate of using PPIs dropped to 12.1％ in the first half of 2017.