Objective To investigate the risk factors of group B streptococcus（GBS） infection during pregnancy

and to analyze its effect on pregnancy outcome. Methods A total of 100 pregnant women with GBS infection（positive GBS screening） who visited the department of obstetrics and gynecology of a hospital in Xiamen from November 2019 to October 2021 were selected as subjects for the observation group. A number of 100 healthy pregnant women without GBS infection（negative GBS screening） during the same period were selected for the control group. General information of the pregnant women in the two groups was collected

including age

body mass index（BMI）

history of miscarriage

history of multiparity

comorbidities（diabetes

hypertension

bacterial vaginitis）

history of previous GBS infection and pregnancy outcome. The general data of pregnant women in the two groups were compared

and the risk factors of GBS infection during pregnancy were analyzed;the adverse pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women in the two groups were compared.Results There were statistically significant differences in maternal age

BMI

gestational diabetes

gestational hypertension

bacterial vaginosis

and history of GBS infection between the two groups（P<0.05）.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥35

bacterial vaginitis

and history of GBS infection were independent factors in GBS infection during pregnancy（P<0.05）.The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women in the observation group was 20.00%

higher than that in the control group（6.00%）

while the incidence of neonatal adverse pregnancy outcomes in the observation group was 15.00%

higher than that in the control group（5.00%）

and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion Our study suggests that age ≥35

bacterial vaginosis

and history of GBS infection are all independent factors in GBS infection during pregnancy

and GBS infection can easily increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Therefore

GBS infection prevention strategies should be actively adopted in clinical practice to reduce the risk of pregnancy and adverse neonatal pregnancy outcomes.