Objective To explore the effect of artificial airway management in the care of neurocritical patients underwent tracheotomy in the High Depend Unit（HDU）. Methods A total of 148 patients admitted to the HDU ward of the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of a hospital in Chongqing from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected as subjects. Subjects in the control group included 105 patients admitted from January 2019-December 2020

and subjects in the experimental group 43 patients admitted from January 2021-December 2021. Patients in the control group received conventional airway management and patients in the experimental group received artificial airway management. The incidence of pulmonary infection

success rates of tracheal tube sealing and sealing time after the intervention were compared between the 2 groups. Results The success rate of tube sealing in the experimental group was 67.44%

which was higher than that in the control group（40.00%）

and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The time to successful sealing of patients in the experimental group ranged from 7 to 69 d

with a mean of（42.3±19.2）d

while the time of living with a tube in patients with successful tube sealing in the control group ranged from 15 to 182 d

with a mean of（62.3±36.2）d. The time of living with a tube in patients in the experimental group was shorter than that in the control group

with a statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. Meanwhile

the proportion of patients living with a tube shorter than 50 d in the experimental group was 75.86%

which was higher than that in the control group（45.24%）

and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The incidence of pulmonary infection for patients in the experimental group was 37.21%

which was lower than that in the control group（78.10%）

and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The artificial airway management for neurocritical patients in HDU has a significant effect in the airway management of patients underwent tracheotomy

which can reduce the incidence of pulmonary infection

shorten the time of living with an endotracheal tube

improve the quality of life

and ultimately facilitate the eventual patients’ return to their families and society. These benefits justify a wider application of this procedure in clinical practice.