Objective To explore the risk factors of incision infection in patients undergoing breast surgery and to provide reference for clinical treatment of breast surgery.Methods A total of 400 patients who underwent breast surgery in a hospital in Shenyang from January to December 2019 were divided into infection group（n=30） and non-infection group（n=370） according to the occurrence of postoperative incision infection.The pathogens of surgical incision were cultured in the infection group

and the risk factors of incision infection were analyzed.Results A total of 30 cases of incision infection occurred in the subjects

accounting for 7.5%.A total of 27 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated

including 16 strains of gram-negative bacteria（59.26%） and 11 strains of gram-positive bacteria（40.74%）.Most of the gram-negative bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa（33.33%）.Most of the gram-positive bacteria were staphylococci（33.33%）.The results of univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the incidence of incision infection among the subjects with different operation time

complications with diabetes

mode of operation

primary operation

type of incision and type of surgery（P<0.05）.The results of Logistics regression analysis showed that operation time over 3 hours

emergency operation

non-primary operation

complicated diabetes and breast cancer surgery were the risk factors of postoperative incision infection in patients undergoing breast surgery（P<0.05）.Type I incision was the protective factor of postoperative incision infection in patients undergoing breast surgery（P<0.05）.Conclusion In breast surgery

the operation time should be controlled within 3 hours as far as possible.Patients with non-primary surgery and breast cancer should be treated cautiously.Elective surgery should be carried out when elective surgery is allowed

and the blood glucose should be corrected before surgery.At the same time

preventive and antibacterial measures should be taken for patients with non-type I incisions.