Objective To investigate the prevalence of anemia among primary and secondary school students in a district of Chongqing and explore its influencing factors

and to provide theoretical basis for the prevention of anemia among them.Methods A total of 194 primary and secondary school students were selected as subjects according to the multi-stage stratified random sampling method

and their levels of hemoglobin

plasma ferritin

transferrin receptor

vitamin A

vitamin D

zinc and total protein were determined

and the data were statistically analyzed.Results The incidence rate of anemia was 9.28%（18/194）.Among them

the incidence rate in primary school was 3.57%（3/84）and 13.64%（15/110）in middle school.The incidence rate of anemia was 8.25%（8/97）in girls and 10.31%（10/97）in boys.The levels of hemoglobin

plasma ferritin

transferrin receptor

vitamin A

vitamin D

zinc and total protein were（134.00 ± 7.55）g/L

（76.04 ± 37.69）ng/mL

（3.80±0.85）mg/L

（0.53±0.11）umol/L

（15.06±5.38）ng/mL

（0.84±0.09）ug/mL and（73.09±3.67）g/L

respectively.The levels of hemoglobin

plasma ferritin

transferrin receptor

vitamin A

vitamin D

zinc and total protein were（137.08±14.08）g/L

（83.63±66.75）ng/mL

（3.90±1.54）mg/L

（0.58±0.13）umol/L

（15.30±4.58）ng/mL

（0.82±0.10）ug/mL及（72.67±3.70）g/L

respectively.The results of correlation analysis showed that the hemoglobin level of the subjects in primary school was negatively correlated with the zinc level

and positively correlated with the total protein level（both P<0.05）.The hemoglobin level of subjects in the middle school group was positively correlated with plasma ferritin and vitamin D levels

and negatively correlated with transferrin receptor levels（all P<0.05）.Conclusions The prevalence of anemia among primary and secondary school students in a district of Chongqing is relatively high.The relevant government departments should strengthen the nutrition monitoring and micronutrient supplementation of primary and secondary school students

and suggest that primary and secondary schools add morning or afternoon meals to strengthen the nutrition of primary and secondary school students.At the same time

zinc

total protein

plasma ferritin and transferrin receptors are correlated with the occurrence of anemia in primary and secondary school students

which may be considered for inclusion in future studies.