In cardiovascular system diseases

such as acute myocardial infarction and myocarditis

cardiac cells die and wither which results in a permanent lack and loss of cardiac cells. it can not promote the regeneration of cardiac muscles

because cardiac muscle cells are permanent cells that can not be regenerated

This leads to such pathologic changes as surviving cardiac cells fattening

cytoplasm fabricating

infarction area extending

scars forming and cardiac muscles restructuring. Finally it may cause heart failure and even death. In recent years due to a breakthrough in the study and clinical experiment of stem cells theories

some researchers have begun considering to make use of stem cells’ function of self-duplication and division to make cardiac cells out of stem cells or directly transplant stem cells to substitute for the lost cardiac cells and thus restore the heart structure and function. According to experiments from different perspectives and feasibility studies

this treatment is feasible but with some problems. This paper is a review on the studies of the cardiac-directed division and transplantation of stem cells as a cure of loss of cardiac cells.