Association between mild renal function decline and hyperuricemia： a stratified analysis based on age and sex

Gao Siyuan; Zhuang Zhiyuan; Zhuo Lin; Liu Yapeng; Jin Rui; Jiang Huajie; Zhuo Lang

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Association between mild renal function decline and hyperuricemia： a stratified analysis based on age and sex

更新时间：2026-01-15

- Association between mild renal function decline and hyperuricemia： a stratified analysis based on age and sex
- Journal of Chongqing Medical University Pages: 1-9(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.徐州医科大学公共卫生学院，徐州 221004
  2.北京大学人民医院内分泌科，北京 100044
  3.徐州市云龙区疾病预防控制中心，徐州 221010
  4.徐州医科大学管理学院，徐州 221004
  5.徐州医科大学徐州临床学院，徐州 221000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  CLC： R586
- Received：03 July 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-09-01，
  
  Accepted：09 October 2025，
  
  Published：15 January 2026
- 稿件说明：
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Gao Siyuan,Zhuang Zhiyuan,Zhuo Lin,et al.Association between mild renal function decline and hyperuricemia： a stratified analysis based on age and sex[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,
DOI：

Gao Siyuan,Zhuang Zhiyuan,Zhuo Lin,et al.Association between mild renal function decline and hyperuricemia： a stratified analysis based on age and sex[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University, DOI：10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb..

摘要

目的

探讨高尿酸血症（hyperuricemia，HUA）与肾功能轻度下降之间的关系，明确疾病风险特征及干预时机。

方法

采用横断面研究，纳入22 200例健康体检者（男性47.17%），分析肾功能轻度下降与HUA患病率的关联。通过单因素分析、logistic回归分析筛选变量，按年龄和性别分层探索剂量-效应关系。

结果

HUA患病率5.36%（95%CI=5.07%~5.66%），男性患病率呈现青年、老年“双峰型”，女性患病率为随年龄递增型，并明显低于男性（0.89% vs. 10.37%，

0.001）；肾功能轻度下降患病率14.90%（95%CI=14.43%~15.37%），男女均为随年龄递增型，男性亦高于女性（19.95% vs. 10.39%，

0.001）。logistic回归分析显示：血尿酸水平是肾功能轻度下降的独立危险因素（

=2.554，95%CI=2.232~2.924）。按性别和年龄分层分析显示肾功能轻度下降风险随血尿酸水平升高，

值均递增（

0.001）。各亚组中导致肾功能轻度下降风险明显升高的血尿酸阈值均低于传统HUA诊断界值（420 μmol/L），例如年轻男性≥282 μmol/L、老年女性阈值区间为214~252 μmol/L疾病风险已明显上升。

结论

HUA是肾功能轻度下降的独立危险因素，HUA患病率存在明显的性别异质性，按性别和年龄分层后HUA与肾功能轻度下降均存在剂量-效应关系。男性是HUA的高发群体，女性不应因血尿酸水平整体较低而忽略肾脏损伤风险。重视不同人群中HUA的差异化防治，对保护肾功能有重要意义。

Abstract

Objective

To investigate the association between hyperuricemia（HUA） and mild renal function decline，and to clarify the risk characteristics of the disease and the timing of intervention.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 22 200 individuals who underwent physical examination，among whom male individuals accounted for 47.17%，and the association between mild renal function decline and the prevalence rate of HUA was analyzed. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to identify related variables，and a stratified analysis based on age and sex was performed to explore the dose-response relationship.

Results

The prevalence rate of HUA was 5.36% （95%CI=5.07%-5.66%）. The prevalence rate of HUA exhibited a “bimodal” pattern in both young and elderly male individuals，while the prevalence rate of HUA in female individuals increased with age and was significantly lower than that in male individuals（0.89% vs. 10.37%，

0.001）. The prevalence rate of mild renal function decline was 14.90% （95%CI=14.43%-15.37%），which increased with age in both male and female individuals，and the prevalence rate of mild renal function decline in male individuals was significantly higher than that in female individuals （19.95% vs. 10.39%，

0.001）. The logistic regression analysis showed that serum uric acid（SUA） level was an independent risk factor for mild renal function decline （odds ratio［

］=2.554，95%CI=2.232-2.924）. The stratified analysis based on sex and age showed that the risk of mild renal function decline increased with the increase in SUA level，with

consistent increases in

values（

0.001）. The SUA thresholds that significantly increased the risk of mild renal function decline in different subgroups were all lower than the traditional diagnostic threshold for HUA（420 μmol/L）； for example，in young male individuals，there was a significant increase in the risk of the disease when the SUA level reached ≥282 μmol/L，and in elderly female individuals，the risk significantly increased when the SUA level was within the range of 214-252 μmol/L.

Conclusion

HUA is an independent risk factor for mild renal function decline. There is a significant gender heterogeneity in the prevalence rate of HUA，and a dose-response relationship is observed between HUA and mild renal function decline after stratification by sex and age. Male individuals are at a high risk of developing HUA，and for female individuals，the risk of kidney damage cannot be ignored due to a relatively low SUA level. The differentiated prevention and treatment of HUA in different populations is of great significance for protecting renal function.

关键词

Keywords

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