Objective     To determine the effect of central venous catheterization on nosocomial infection among the inpatients in hematological department. Methods     All inpatients who were hospitalized in the hematological center of Xinqiao Hospital over 48 h during January 2013 and December 2014 were recruited in this study. Their data of treatment

nursing operation

and nosocomial infection were collected from the electronic medical record system and the nosocomial infection registration system. Nosocomial infection was diagnosed according to the Diagnostic Standard of Nosocomial Infection published by Ministry of Health of the P.R. China (2001). Univatiate and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate the association between the risk of nosocomial infection and central venous catheterization.  Results     A total of 7 381 patients met the inclusion criteria

and of them

6 026 cases was diagnosed as hematological malignancy

771 cases was identified as nosocomial infection and 484 cases revived operation of central venous catheterization. The results were similar between the 7 381 patients and the 6 026 patients with hematological malignancy. Univariate analysis showed that central venous catheterization increased the risk of nosocomial infection (OR all=6.66

95%CI: 5.45～8.16; ORtumor=5.67

95%CI: 4.59～6.99)

but the association was not significant after adjustment for other risk factors (ORall=1.14; ORtumor=1.16). However

among the patients with longer length of stay (LOS) (≥28 d)

multivariate analysis showed that central venous catheterization did increase higher risk of nosocomial infection (OR=1.60

95%CI: 1.04～2.45)

and the infection risk was also significantly increased in the patients undergoing peripherally inserted central catheters (OR=1.71

95%CI: 1.07～2.76) and inserting the catheters from basilica vein (OR=2.69

95%CI: 1.44～5.02). Longer length of stay (LOS)

agranulocytosis

and glucocorticosteroid were also significantly associated with increased risk of infection.   Conclusion     Compared with other risk factors

central venous catheterization doesn’t totally raise the risk of nosocomial infection

but it is an independent risk factor of nosocomial infection for the patients with comparatively longer LOS.