Objective      To determine the efficacy of micro transplantation induction combined with chemotherapy for refractory and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML).       Methods      Totally 12 refractory and relapsed AML patients who were treated with chemotherapy and micro transplantation in our department from February to August 2014 were enrolled in this study

and their outcomes were analyzed.       Results      All the patients had finished 1 course of treatment

and among them

3 patients achieved complete remission (CR)

3 partial remission (PR)

while the other 6 patients non-remission (NR) to our treatment. Two CR patients then received a second micro transplantation and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT)

and the other 1 died of GVHD in 1 month after first micro transplantation. The 2 PR patients also experienced a second micro transplantation

but both had no effect

and the other gave up the treatment at last. Of the 6 NR patients

1 patient received a second course of micro transplantation and 1 patient received allo-BMT

but the results remained the same

still NR. The other 2 patients died of complications

and the left 2 patients gave up the treatment.       Conclusion      Micro transplantation and chemotherapy elevates the remission rate in the treatment of refractory and relapsed AML and reduces the toxicity of chemotherapy

and is a good treatment for AML.