Objective      To determine the effect of early intensive blood pressure-lowering treatment on the hematom volume and perihematoma edema in the patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.       Methods      Clinical data of the patients with supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage who received hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage treatment within 6 h of onset and admitted in our hospital from September 2013 to June 2015 were retrospectively collected in this study. According to the different managements of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage by the neurology department and the neurosurgery department

the patients were divided into intensively antihypertensive group (systolic blood pressure was decreased to ≤140 mmHg

and maintained at 120～140 mmHg for 1 week) and control group (systolic blood pressure target 160～180 mmHg

mean arterial pressure 100～130 mmHg). The age

Glasgow coma scale (GCS)

systolic blood pressure

intervention time after the onset

and hematoma volume were compared between the 2 groups. The incidence of hematoma expansion within 3 d and relative risk reduction (RRR) were observed. The edema volume at 3

7 and 14 d were compared between the 2 groups.       Results      There were 90 patients with supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and receiving intensive antihypertensive treatment enrolled in this study

and another 90 patients undergoing common antihypertensive treatment who were matched with intensively antihypertensive group in general data (P0.05). Nine cases in the intensively antihypertensive group (10%) had hematoma enlargement

and 24 cases in the control group (26.7%)

with significant difference between the 2 groups (P＜0.01). RRR was 62.5%

with 95%CI ranging from 23.9% to 81.5%. There was no difference in the hematoma volume at 3

7 and 14 d between the 2 groups (P0.05).       Conclusion      Early intensive antihypertensive treatment reduces the incidence of hematoma enlargement

but not increases perihematoma edema volume.