Objective      To investigate the clinical diagnosis and treatment of penile cancer in AIDS patients.       Methods      A total of 24 AIDS patients with penile cancer admitted in the Nyangabgwe Hospital of Botswana from March 2012 to February 2015 were enrolled in this study. Their clinical manifestations

diagnosis

surgical treatment and outcomes

and the related influencing factors were analyzed.       Results      The patients were at a medium age of 38.6

with the manifestations of penile masses (11/24

45.8%)

penile ulcer (9/24

37.5%) and penile papules (4/24

16.7%). At the diagnosis of penile cancer

22 of them were given highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAA

RT). Eighteen patients (75.0%) had lower numbers of CD4

+

T lymphocytes (≤350 cells/μL)

and in obvious immunosuppression. Biopsy and histopathological observation confirmed that all patients were squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

and 2 of them were combined with Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS). Twenty-two patients received surgical treatment

and 2 cases at T4 underwent no such treatment. For the 2 cases combined with KS

they were diagnosed in 4 and 6 months respectively after onset

and were treated by radical penectomy and urethral perineal colostomy. They were recovered well after surgery

and no tumor metastasis was found after that.       Conclusion      Penile KS is the common skin lesion for those patients

which may delay the diagnosis of penile SCC because of similar clinical manifestation. So

special attention should be paid to penile KS.