Superbugs refer to the microbes which are resistant to multiple antibiotics

including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-PA)

multiple drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) and so on. The incidence of the infections caused by superbugs is increased in recent years

and the new antibiotics in the development pipeline are paucity. Development of vaccines appears to be an alternative promising way against these superbugs infection. The development of vaccines for these superbugs infection presents unique challenges related to antigen identification

animal models

target population selection

and administration. We reviewed the current progress of vaccine development against superbugs.