Objective      To investigate the spontaneous neuronal activity (SNA) and brain function alteration in migraine patients during interictal period by regional homogeneity (ReHo) analysis with resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).       Methods      Thirty-one patients with migraine during interictal period and 30 healthy controls

matched in age

sex and education level

were enrolled and scanned with rs-fMRI. The rs-fMRI data were preprocessed and calculated to obtain whole brain ReHo values with DPARSF software. The raw ReHo values were subjected to Student’s t test of 2 independent samples with SPM8 software.       Results      Compared with controls

abnormal SNA in several brain regions related to cognitive control and emotional processing were found in the migraine patients during interictal period

including the frontal lobe

temporal lobe and parietal lobe

etc. ReHo increase was observed in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex

bilateral rectus gyrus

right precuneus

right posterior cingulate cortex

right inferior parietal lobule

right middle temporal gyrus

and right superior temporal gyrus (P0.01)

and ReHo decrease was observed in the bilateral supplementary motor area

double side paracentral lobule

right medial frontal gyrus

left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex

and left limbic lobe (P0.01).       Conclusion      Abnormal resting-state functional connectivity exists in several interactions in brain regions of the brain network among migraine patients during interictal period. These regions are associated with cognitive control and emotional processing.