Objective         To investigate the efficacy and safety of multiple small does injection of exenatide in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.       Methods      A prospective study was performed on 23 patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized in our department from January to July 2014. They were 12 males and 11 females

at an average age of 49.2 years. The cohort was randomized into control (n=12) and observation group (n=11). Beside their original regimen of hypoglycemic agents

they were injected with 5 μg exenatide once per day for 1 week

and then the former group was given 10 μg twice per day while the latter 5 μg 3 times per day for 6 consecutive months. Body weight

BMI

waist circumference

waist to hip ratio

fasting blood glucose (FPG)

2 hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG)

glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)

fasting and 2 hour postprandial C peptide

self monitored fasting and postprandial blood glucose (SMBG)

total cholesterol (Tch)

triglyceride (TG)

low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)

high density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)

alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

serum creatinine (Cr)

and blood urea nitrogen (UN) were compared between 2 groups before and in 6 months after treatment.       Results      Their body weight

waist circumference

waist hip ratio

FPG

PPG

HbA1c

Tch

TG

LDL-C and HDL-C were significantly decreased after treatment

but there were no significant differences between the 2 groups (P0.05). BMI was significantly lower in 2 groups after than before treatment

with that in the observation group more significant (P0.05). SMBG were significantly decreased in the 2 groups after treatment than before. The observation group had more obvious decreases in the blood glucose levels after lunch (12.56±1.32 vs 13.25±1.23 mmol/L) and before going to bed (8.97±1.07 vs 9.78±0.70 mmol/L) when compared with the control group (P0.05).       Conclusion      Exenatide at 5 μg for 3 times per day is more beneficial to control the blood glucose after meals in the treatment of diabetic patients.