Objective      To evaluate the impact of risk management of nursing on the clinical therapeutic efficiency and nursing quality in patients undergoing chemotherapy with malignant tumor and diabetes mellitus (DM).       Methods      Eighty-seven diabetic patients with malignant tumor hospitalized in our institute from February 2010 to January 2011 were enrolled as control group

and received routine nursing risk management

including education of diabetes knowledge and treatment. One hundred and nine patients with DM and malignant tumor recruited from February 2011 to February 2012 were test group

and received the risk management of nursing

with PDCA (Plan Do Check Action）cycling risk management

including individualized risk control

risk prevention program of chemotherapy

and nursing risk management during chemotherapy. The incidences of acute complications of diabetes or extravasation of chemotherapeutic drugs and patients satisfaction were recorded and analyzed.       Results      The incidence of acute complications of diabetes or （1.83% vs 9.19%）

hypertonic ketoacidosis （0.91% vs 6.89%）

non-ketoic acidosis （0.91% vs 5.74%） of extravasation of chemotherapeutic drugs (0 vs 3.45%) were significantly decreased

and patients satisfaction （98.16% vs 91.96%） was increased after implementation of nursing risk management.       Conclusion      Nursing risk management can implement the efficiency in patients undergoing chemotherapy with malignant tumor and DM.