Objective　　　 To determine the effect of metabolic surgery on vasodilatation and investigate the underlying mechanisms in obese with type 2 diabetes.　　　 Methods　　　 A retrospective study was carried out among 105 health individuals (normal control) and 31 obese with type 2 diabetes who were followed up in our department form May 2010 to June 2012. The 31 obese with type 2 diabetes were divided into 2 groups according to the patients’ will

that is

metabolic surgery group (n=20) and non-surgical group (n=11). High frequency ultrasonography was used to measure the dilation of brachial artery (D1)

dilation of postocclusion brachial artery (D2)

and nitroglycerin mediated dilation (D3) of all patients at rest

in order to calculate flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and nitroglycerin mediated dilation (NMD) [FMD=((D2-D1)/D1)×100%

NMD=((D3-D1)/D1)×100%]. Body weight

body mass index (BMI)

blood pressure

blood lipids

fasting glucose

glycosylated hemoglobin

serum glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and dipeptide peptidase-4 (DPP-4) were measured in the 20 patients before and after metabolic surgery.　　　 Results　　　 Metabolic surgery group had an extremely improvement in vasodilatation (FMD and NMD) compared to non-surgical group (P0.01)

and even had no significant difference with that of normal group (P0.05). Compared to normal group

there was an obviously decline in vasodilatation in non-surgical group (P0.01). Metabolic surgery resulted in obviously increased GLP-1 and decreased DPP-4 compared with preoperative data (P0.05).　　　 Conclusion　　　 Obese with type 2 diabetes has worse vasodilatation compared to normal people. Metabolic surgery exerts great effect on the body weight

BMI

blood lipids

blood pressure

GLP-1

and DPP-4 in obese with type 2 diabetes

and significantly improves vasodilatation in obesity with type 2 diabetes.